The future and the conditional
What will happen and what would: હું જઈશ, અમે રમીશું, and જો ... તો for if.
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The future and the conditional, explained point by point
Everything the GCSE specification expects you to be able to do, and how to actually do it - the same lesson a signed-in student studies from.
Form the future with -ીશ, -શે, -ીશું and -શો
Add the future ending to the stem, with no helper: હું રમીશ I will play, તું રમીશ you will play, તે રમશે he or she will play, અમે રમીશું we will play, તમે રમશો you will play, તેઓ રમશે they will play.
Join vowel stems to the future with ઈ
ખાવું gives હું ખાઈશ, તે ખાશે; જવું gives હું જઈશ, તે જશે; લેવું gives હું લઈશ, તે લેશે. To be is હું હોઈશ, તે હશે.
Talk about plans with time words
આવતી કાલે tomorrow, આવતા અઠવાડિયે next week, આવતા વર્ષે next year, ભવિષ્યમાં in the future. મોટો થઈને means when I grow up: મોટો થઈને હું ડૉક્ટર બનીશ.
Say what you are going to do with -વાનો
The infinitive with -ાનો and the helper gives a plan: હું કાલે મામાને ત્યાં જવાનો છું I am going to my uncle's tomorrow. A girl says જવાની છું, and a group જવાના છીએ.
Say if with જો ... તો
જો opens the condition and તો the result: જો વરસાદ પડશે તો અમે ઘરે રહીશું if it rains, we will stay at home. Gujarati often puts both halves in the future, where English puts the first in the present.
Say what would happen with -ત
Add -ત to the stem for would or would have: જો મારી પાસે પૈસા હોત તો હું નવો ફોન ખરીદત if I had money, I would buy a new phone. The -ત form is the same for every person.
Ask politely with the future of ગમવું
મને ગમશે means I would like: મને એક કપ ચા ગમશે I would like a cup of tea. તમને ગમશે? asks would you like it?
The future and the conditional key terms
The words the specification and the mark schemes use, each defined the way an examiner wants it.
- Future tense
- The form for what will happen: હું જઈશ I will go. It needs no helper verb.
- Conditional
- A sentence about what happens if something else does: જો ... તો, if ... then.
- Hypothetical
- Something imagined rather than real, said with -ત: હું જાત I would go.
- Intention
- A plan, said with -વાનો and the helper: હું જવાનો છું I am going to go.
- આવતું
- Next, as in આવતા વર્ષે next year, from આવવું to come: the coming year.
Common mistakes in The future and the conditional
The slips that cost marks year after year, and what to do instead.
Adding a helper to the future, as in હું જઈશ છું.
The future ending does the whole job: હું જઈશ.
Writing હું રમશે for I will play.
I takes -ીશ: હું રમીશ. -શે is for he, she and they.
Reading કાલે as tomorrow in a past sentence.
કાલે means yesterday or tomorrow, and the verb decides: કાલે હું જઈશ is tomorrow, કાલે હું ગયો yesterday. આવતી કાલે and ગઈકાલે leave no doubt.
Practice
Try a The future and the conditional question
A GCSE-style original question from this topic. Have a go before you open the working - deciding on an answer first is what makes the working stick.
Priya tells you her plan. Choose the form: હું આવતા અઠવાડિયે નવું પુસ્તક ___ છું.
- ખરીદવાની
- ખરીદવાનો
- ખરીદવાના
- ખરીદીશ
Show the answer and the working
Answer: ખરીદવાની
Going to is the infinitive with -વાનો and the helper, agreeing with the speaker. Priya is a girl: હું નવું પુસ્તક ખરીદવાની છું, I am going to buy a new book.
- A plan uses -વાનો with the helper.
- It agrees with the speaker: a girl takes -વાની.
- So ખરીદવાની છું: I am going to buy a new book.